Urban architecture, design, development and planning
M. Razmaramina; M. Nazarabadian; A.A. Pilehvar
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 24 April 2024
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Achieving spatial-place justice in the distribution of urban services is a significant goal for urban planners. It involves ensuring fair and equitable access to resources and services in a physical space so that all individuals can benefit equally from the facilities and opportunities ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Achieving spatial-place justice in the distribution of urban services is a significant goal for urban planners. It involves ensuring fair and equitable access to resources and services in a physical space so that all individuals can benefit equally from the facilities and opportunities provided in that space. The unfair distribution of urban services has curtailed the presence of pedestrians and limited the daily mobility of citizens, making cities low-mobility environments. To address this issue, urban managers can identify local community issues, create equal opportunities, and promote public participation. By doing so, they can achieve spatial equity in local communities and provide opportunities for equality and justice. This research aims to investigate the relationship between the fair spatial-place distribution of urban services and the mobility of citizens in the Navid and Ab o Bargh areas of Mashhad.METHODS: This study utilizes a descriptive-analytical approach to investigate spatial justice. Data was collected using the spatial justice questionnaire based on the Likert scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Researchers assessed the questionnaire's reliability using Cronbach's alpha test and its validity using the content validity coefficient of the item formula. The researchers employed several statistical methods to explore the relationship and correlation between the components of spatial justice and mobility, prioritized the indicators of spatial justice by neighborhoods, and compared the prioritization of the components of spatial justice affecting mobility.FINDINGS: The results revealed a significant relationship between access to urban services and the mobility of citizens in the studied areas. As such, the positive correlation in the Ab o Bargh area was confirmed for all indicators (functional index (0.466), environmental indicator, (0.384) index aesthetic indicator (0.145). The results suggested a direct relationship between the balanced spatial distribution of urban services and enhanced mobility of citizens in the study area.CONCLUSION: Research results show a direct relationship between spatial justice and citizen mobility in the city. Spatial justice means the fair distribution of facilities and services between different urban areas and equal access to them by citizens. As a result, citizen mobility in the city is influenced by spatial justice. In other words, Inappropriate distribution of services in the city can cause social differences among citizens. The difference between privileged and underprivileged neighborhoods is in the amount of benefit from urban services. By improving the quality of research indicators in the form of policies and urban planning interventions in all neighborhoods, spatial justice can be realized.
Urban ecology and related environmental concerns
N. Ezadbin; H. Mahmoudzadeh; R. Ghorbani
Abstract
BACKGROUNS AND OBJECTIVES: As an integral component of urban space, green space assumes a pivotal role in the purification and filtration of air, provision of recreational opportunities, and augmentation of the aesthetic allure of the urban landscape. In contemporary urban settings, the significance ...
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BACKGROUNS AND OBJECTIVES: As an integral component of urban space, green space assumes a pivotal role in the purification and filtration of air, provision of recreational opportunities, and augmentation of the aesthetic allure of the urban landscape. In contemporary urban settings, the significance of urban green spaces is widely acknowledged and embraced as an indispensable facet of the city. The consequences of urban expansion and the resulting environmental problems have indefinitely made the presence of green spaces and their proper distribution essential. Meanwhile, it is necessary to pay attention to achieving spatial balance in the distribution of urban parks, as they are an important component of urban green spaces, particularly in large cities. The population in Karaj city in Iran, has experienced an excessive increase, particularly in the last three decades. This has resulted in the rapid expansion of urban areas the destruction of the natural landscape and the structural pattern of both natural and artificial ecosystems. The city of Karaj, formerly known as Baghshahr, has transformed into a metropolis, with only a few traces of its once abundant urban green spaces remaining. This research aims to evaluate the demand for green space and the distribution capacity among the districts of 3 and 8 of Karaj city. The objective of the current study is to provide solutions based on spatial justice to increase the use of green space.METHODS: The current research utilizes a combination of descriptive-analytical and critical methods, as well as documentary and survey methods. To analyze and evaluate the condition of green spaces and their mapping, information, and data from relevant organizations and satellite images have been utilized within specific spatial-temporal scales and GIS software.Results: The results showed that the highest weight obtained was related to participation, with a weight of 0.118. This was followed by social capital, with a weight of 0.116 percent. The lowest weight was related to public services, with a weight of 0.040.CONCLUSION: District 3 has more green space than District 8 due to the presence of gardens and trees planted by the municipality on the outskirts of the district. Additionally, the political ecology in these neighborhoods has not been impacted by District 3. However, Jahanshahr and Molana neighborhoods in District 8 have a high per capita population due to their small population and large areas of parks. Additionally, the presence of Family, fruit, Fateh and small Iran Gardens, contribute to the high population density in these neighborhoods. However other areas in the district experience a significant shortage of urban green spaces and are affected by the influence of political ecology at both the neighborhood and regional levels.